Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . Mr Gneiss. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known graph. Resources. HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. by. S waves. Locating Epicenter Lab Worksheet (1).docx, Updating Patient Registration B at 08_10_2022 03_03 PM.pdf, You need to deploy an Azure environment that meets the company migration plan, Step 1 of 2 Program 1 A Simple Python Program Welcome with Two Messages Running, More women in academia report polarization assimilation in male skewed and male, A TACACS B RADIUS C Kerberos D SAML Correct Answer D QUESTION 321 A network, PTSD in Children and Adolescents - Copy - Copy - Copy - Copy.docx, Effects of Excitation and Prime Mover Control The excitation control helps to, D1 Fundamental security design principles.docx, Question 5 Correct Mark 100 out of 100 Remove flag Question 6 Correct Mark 100, Thomas Concurrence broadly attacked current NDD Federal gov should be allowed to, 769 Water at 15C is to be heated to 65C by passing it over a bundle of 4 m. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. What data is used to determine magnitude? H\0y Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. What data is used to determine magnitude? 0000003966 00000 n The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. All rights reserved. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream epicenter, the longer the lag time measured Seismograms Key Facts & Information. To complete the activity, some prior . 0000000856 00000 n 0000055643 00000 n Focus. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). They make a model of a seismographa measuring device that records an earthquake on a seismogram. minutes and P waves 8 minutes to 0000006984 00000 n locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. 3. 1. They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. Learn from this informative and clear video.Brought you by award-winning Once each student has constructed his or her circle on the map, mark with an X, the epicenter of the earthquake. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. 0000001675 00000 n 0000001978 00000 n Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. MS-ESS3-2. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. Question: ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; and Mexico City. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). HTn0MmcHCB Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. See Answer. Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. 0000001861 00000 n Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Figure 13.10). Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. minutes = 6 minutes. $8.25. (Listen to student ideas.) Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Make changes to the sample. Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! distance from transducer to the focal point. Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? 0000115324 00000 n One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Do you agree with this alignment? Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. aqmd. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? 9 - The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. travel time for P waves. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. (Grades 9 - 12). 0000001143 00000 n Legal. Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. Cross), Give Me Liberty! 9 - 61 33 01. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . Focal Depth. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. The seismometers are shown as green dots. earthquake though). "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . 9 - Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. 107 0 obj <>stream 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. 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The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. 0000079769 00000 n 0000010002 00000 n Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Reading Strategy. atrial depolarization. 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. 1. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. What about P waves? An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. 0000001862 00000 n If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. What is the technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. 0000001562 00000 n Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. 0000000016 00000 n =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q gov For online instructions and current fees click here. During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. at that station. Thanks for your feedback! trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream Expert Answer. %PDF-1.3 % Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. What did it feel like? Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). inch = 500 km. (Source: USGS). 0000001893 00000 n It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . (Figure 3):. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN),