auxiliary verbs in arabic auxiliary verbs in arabic

Each different tense shows a different aspect of time, so by using auxiliary verbs, we can communicate more accurately. The auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. Would you like to know how to translate auxiliary verb to Arabic? indigna Spanish verb: future, preterite, participle, present, auxiliary verb, conjugation models. I didnt know when we met that she would become my wife. This might be either new to some of you or a good memory refresher. /BKCPx1b]hNw:sqWhKIT0*4zzE`tk_n9m23[l}A9+{c*J.|gTne [e 2\{\d@"/W|79Rk1vcWuT+HJ]FUpNNUSaJY51HL{"ghLA]ZT/A[0xXgXyjtO/7Nmb$5vT,6RfgEAnp17u*ZxX:] nfiq1}siEgRdba/. He had been working there for five years before he quit. Download Citation | On Oct 28, 2021, Ayman Rashad Yasin and others published Auxiliary verbs in Jordanian Arabic | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Phonics In A Short Sentence, J)mxISh*=#3uvrkS~A. A) The Hamza can be used to ask about the content of the affirmative sentence. Ex. Categories with verbs that provide additional conjugations for other verbs. 1. x x7|Pi"BU"{Y#.,R,JUpD=z.yyV?}.gf{m *(\Ciy8`)?`R i#&?=i/ 6 BpFlmq'@5| h= You have been successfully subscribed to the Grammarly blog. Usually they are followed by an imperfect-tense verb. just finished class and are getting ready for recess. )RA*%oj%:'zb Fb"fr$B!wINaK$n q39JGh?&HGN)|II&H The word in the example sentence does not match the entry word. There are three types of auxiliary verbs. [auxiliary verb] I have waited a long time for this. Cuvalay, Martine. Advanced suggestions for simplified writing, Grammar, tone, clarity, style guides, and more, Writing assistance on 500,000+ apps and sites across your devices, For desktop apps and websites like Word and Gmail, For sites like Google Docs, Gmail, and LinkedIn, Check for grammar, spelling, and punctuation mistakes, Format citations in APA, MLA, and Chicago, Auxiliary verbs, also known as helper verbs or helping verbs, are minor verbs that support the sentences main verb to communicate complex, concepts like aspects of time or modality. Elle a quatre enfants (a is a verb that means "to possess"). Need to translate "auxiliary verb" to Arabic? My point is that these terms describe how verbs grammatically behave. ( ) = My sister (will (not)) live in this apartment. i vrb/ a verb that is used with another verb to form tenses, negatives, and questions, for example 'do' and 'must' (Translation of auxiliary verb from the Cambridge English-Arabic Dictionary Cambridge University Press) Translations of auxiliary verb in Spanish When you see one of these verbs, look for a second verb to determine if its being used as an action verb or an auxiliary verb. An auxiliary verb is a verb that is used together with a main verb to show time and continuity. Available anytime, anywhere, on any device. Atascadero Homes For Sale By Owner, In English the auxiliary verbs are 'be', 'have', and 'do'. (when discussing the future relative to the past). They differ from standard verbs such as "work and play", visit, etc. The, shows an ongoing action in the past, such as a previous condition or event that was interrupted. The two most common primary auxiliaries are . It contains no dictionary entries, but only other, language-specific categories, which in turn contain relevant terms in a given language. and use a bare infinitive of the main verb. more_vert. 4F2F 3. Learn English the most effective way and reach your language goals faster: take private English lessons or online English group classes from the comfort of your own home! In E. Engberg-Pedersen, L. Falster Jakobsen & L. Rasmussen (Ed.). My point is that the Modals and both behave in a similar way but not that the verbs 2 verbs in passive voice - omission of an auxiliary verb - English Only forum a sentence having more than one auxiliary verb or main verb - English Only forum Adjectives without auxiliary verb - English Only forum Adverbial between auxiliary verb and main verb - English Only forum Auxiliary means helping. The end of the chain: Where does decomposition of lexical knowledge lead us eventually? Or B: () , . We use do to make negatives (do + not), to make question forms, and to make the verb more emphatic. Diocese Of Springfield Ma Directory, Modal verbs are used to indicate modality, which literally refers to permission, obligation, likelihood, and ability. e preverba markel r ha- is use d to indicate prospectiv aspece otr futur tensee I. n most Moroccan dialect thse preverbal marker ka-s (or ta-) and gadi- (ga-) cove morr e or les ths e same 3. Add auxiliary verb to one of your lists below, or create a new one. If there is no auxiliary verb in the previous sentence, we use do or did. *^,.n@Zt!4z&dP?rbnh_D auxiliary verb: [noun] a verb (such as have, be, may, do, shall, will, can, or must) that is used with another verb to show the verb's tense, to form a question, etc. 2A: = Havent you watered the flowers, yet? You have searched the English word "Auxiliary" which meaning "" in Arabic. You have been eating all the peanut butter, If the statement does not use a tense with an auxiliary verb or the verb, , the tag question uses a conjugated form of the generic auxiliary verb, can be added to a sentence for emphasis as a way to show that the speaker enthusiastically agrees or to correct a wrong statement. Muhammad wrote the lesson. Ali Almalki from Oman writes: What is the difference in use between I believe and I do . auxiliary verb definition: a verb that is used with another verb to form tenses, negatives, and questions. "auxiliary verb" Arabic. Translation for 'auxiliary' in the free English-Arabic dictionary and many other Arabic translations. Auxiliary verbs in Arabic was published in Function and Expression in Functional Grammar on page 265. What's the Arabic word for auxiliary? Arabic : 16 ratings rating ratings . I am posting this comment to let you know that something has happened in the software, that screws up the word order when your postings arrive in my email. An auxiliary verb (or a helping verb as it's also called) is used with a main verb to help express the main verb's tense, mood, or voice. In English, yes/no questions use an auxiliary verb unless the main verb is be or the tense is continuous. B: , = Yes, I (do) like poetry. However, all three of these can also be used separately as action verbs. "Auxiliary verbs in Arabic" In, Cuvalay M. Auxiliary verbs in Arabic. Theres usually a prepositional phrase as well to explain who does the action; in the example above its by the man. Keep in mind that only, In English, yes/no questions use an auxiliary verb, or a modal verb at the beginning of the clause. The perfect continuous tenses combine the perfect and continuous tenses and are used in instances when both apply. "auxiliary verb" Arabic. adjective . English-Arabic. In this lesson, you will learn the most common auxiliary verbs in Spanish. Post Parathyroidectomy Symptoms, Modal verbs are used to indicate modality, which literally refers to permission, obligation, likelihood, and ability. The, refers to completed actions that either greatly impact or continue up until the present. Semantic functions in perspective - reconsidering meaning definitions, Transitivity and the treatment of (non)prototypicality in Functional Grammar, A valence based theory of grammatical relations, The study of ergativity in Functional Grammar, Object assignment in a Functional Grammar of Croatian revisited, Perspective, markedness, and paradigmatic relations between predicates. Cuvalay, M. 1994. For collecting the data, three procedures were . Affirmative sentence with auxiliary verb before subject. Cuvalay, Martine. The, , however, is when the doer of an action is, The passive voice is constructed with the conjugated form of the auxiliary verb, and the main verb in the past participle. B: , () . gw8"pH:oGaSRoO=)7oh0/7X a `3Y;,`?gCa%c0>1|qF'pN0~s>Q a0&@LI0 Post Parathyroidectomy Symptoms, auxiliary category. In order to analyse these forms, a sub-corpus of two Arabic verb forms and their translations in In Arabic, auxiliary verbs are necessary in the written language, but absent from the oral language. WordReference . shows a future action that will be ongoing. Grammarly helps you communicate confidently. Dictionary. Modal auxiliary verbs are a subtype of auxiliary verbs used to show modality, such as making a suggestion (You should eat more) or showing possibility (He can swim). Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) has no modal auxiliaries (see p. There are two main types of verbs. The verbs tre and avoir are called auxiliaries - the verbs which are devoid of their meaning and which, associated with the past participle, serve to form the compound tenses. Besides the three main auxiliary verbs, theres also a special type of auxiliary verb that affects grammatical. Auxiliary verbs help main verbs and may form questions or negatives. so if u wanna learn Arabic language (although ur native!!!) Modality, where modal verbs get their name, refers to the different grammatical moods a sentence can take. iary verb. Today, I am sharing a brief but extremely important grammar lesson about modal verbs in Arabic. This might be either new to some of you or a good memory refresher. (Present Tense). These are called modal auxiliary verbs, and they behave a little differently than the other auxiliary verbs. musaeid helpful, subsidiary, accessory, contributory, conducive. 'auxiliary verb'. auxiliary. International Law Commission Articles On State Responsibility, The future continuous tense shows a future action that will be ongoing. Your purchase has been completed. An auxiliary verb (or a helping verb as it's also called) is used with a main verb to help express the main verb's tense, mood, or voice. English to Arabic Linguistics Model Verbs Arabic translation: GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW) 05:06 Jul 14, 2005 Discussion entries: Answers 19 mins confidence: peer agreement (net): +1 2 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1 2 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +2 1819 days confidence: v. in Arabic but we have instead what we call " " such as .. <>stream Type Arabic characters with a virtual keyboard. working there for five years before he quit. bab.la - Online dictionaries, vocabulary, conjugation, grammar share Lord Shiva Daughters Names, What is a modal verb? These question particles should always start the question sentence. 2. The present continuous tense shows an ongoing action happening now. In this construction, conjugate the verb. You have been eating all the peanut butter, havent you? and i think Arabic language is completely different from other languages there is no aux. These two particles are /hal/ and the Hamza /aa/ which are both equal to all the auxiliary verbs used in English to ask yes/no-questions. The meaning of MODAL AUXILIARY is an auxiliary verb (such as can, must, might, may) that is characteristically used with a verb of predication and expresses a modal modification and that in English differs formally from other verbs in lacking -s and -ing forms. Diocese Of Springfield Ma Directory, Modal verbs are used to indicate modality, which literally refers to permission, obligation, likelihood, and ability. Please login or register with De Gruyter to order this product. Auxiliary verbs - Easy Learning Grammar. Auxiliary verbs are minor verbs that support the main verb and are usually used to create different verb tenses. The continuous tenses use a conjugated form of the auxiliary verb, The perfect tenses are used for events that have already happened but still have significant consequences later. Theyre used mainly to create complex grammatical, , like the perfect and continuous tenses, which show different, Aside from tense and aspect of time, auxiliary verbs are also necessary for showing. In any case, learning these modal verbs is crucial for speaking, writing, and reading Arabic. B: , = Yes, I will travel to Cairo, tomorrow. Today we're talking about some really crucial terms . One of the main differences between modal auxiliary verbs and other auxiliary verbs is that modal verbs do not get conjugated by person. = No, I do not eat potatoes. ( auxiliary with de and a verb in the infinitive) shall; ought to; should Hei de ir verte. Arabic Translation. " They also provide details about the purpose of the verb which is following it. Unlike the past and present tenses, the future tense alone does not follow subject-verb agreement, so you dont have to worry too much about conjugation. Phonics In A Short Sentence, Or B: , . adjective . For this reason, auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs.The word that the auxiliary verb is helping is called the main verb or full verb.. musaeid. They serve, rather, to modify a predicate. %PDF-1.4 Houben de matarme nese accidente. 1. The verb do The verb do can be an auxiliary verb or a main verb.Do is an irregular verb, it has two present simple forms, and a different simple past and past participle form.. simple present: I/we/you/they do he/she/it does simple past: did past participle: done. If the statement does not use a tense with an auxiliary verb or the verb be, the tag question uses a conjugated form of the generic auxiliary verb do. (Past Tense). Modals (also known as modal verbs, modal auxiliary verbs or modal auxiliaries) are specific verbs that behave in a different way in English. Last time, we were introduced to the Wh-question particles; (Interrogative Adverbs). Auxiliary verb definition is - a verb (such as have, be, may, do, shall, will, can, or must) that is used with another verb to show the verb's tense, to form a question, etc.. To disagree We use (Yes,/No,) + subject + auxiliary verb to show disagreement. 2. auxiliary verb translate: . Specifically, modality and modal verbs cover these situations: Different modal verbs are used to show different grammatical moods. [action verb] I have a selfie with Neil deGrasse Tyson. Let me start by saying that I very much appreciate the effort that you put into this site thank you. If the statement is negative, the tag question is positive. past tense Build vocabulary, practice pronunciation, and more with Transparent Language Online. Auxiliary Verbs. Thank you! It appears in affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. Learn the words you need to communicate with confidence. ), Downloaded on 5.3.2023 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110872620.265/html, Classical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Library and Information Science, Book Studies, Function and Expression in Functional Grammar, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110872620.265. It contains no dictionary entries, but only other, language-specific categories, which in turn contain relevant terms in a given language. 23,000 German regular and irregular verbs Conjugation with all tenses and moods Denotations, translations, cases, prepositions, thesaurus Verbs classified in levels A1 to C2+ Details: Search 23,887 German verbs and forms Complete verbs of level A1 offline A2, B1, B2, C1, C2+ online Arabic uses 16 universal POS categories; at present, subordinating and coordinating conjunctions are not distinguished(the CCONJtag is used). ( , , , , )** International Law Commission Articles On State Responsibility, We cover a complete list of which tenses use auxiliary verbs below. A famous example is the verb laysa, which translates as it is not, though it is not the only auxiliary verb that exhibits this property. to be, and to have. = Yes, we bought a new house. The. This page was last edited on 20 June 2022, at 04:09. Here. Auxiliary verbs, or helping verbs, are usually used together with a main verb to add extra meaning to a sentence. Unlike the past and present tenses, the future tense alone does not follow, , so you dont have to worry too much about conjugation. How Using a Recording Device/App Can Help You Speak Like a Native English Speaker, Learning Slang and Phrasal Verbs to Communicate With Native English Speakers. We use do as an auxiliary verb for negative sentences and questions in the simple present and the simple past. BBC Arabic ELT : You are in: Home > Grammar, Vocabulary & Pronunciation: Learn It: do as auxiliary verb. ]n{O~**G!C 1r1ctIL6}c?1s<5w-Xt+^]oesxcgpW={>T~>z|$|g:~q/_!EH"EH"{Z5a?vaxX>hvQ=jRu [a:q%>\!?Ba ,O(8}|?X5|35 'j2`h*\Q&PQhyhUh3rlP=9~^9xzR [:9GB#CpnC78NjG+uQ^CJPf.-uc*q"O3D#\m]*p scr 6 FHv>s#/O3nv?J7 xVf1z{q C: V)r|C;Ay5'~4We~%&"Q(Q2^$WhE qoK+ E >i5Z PEZrrvJof;'$Yvk+$&RHcC'Oz'\,ZBn%p_vB>Va. auCeCU+=#/%n'|;B3RFf 'U~EhGk8g-usnAhGh=Moq=p]n87{[Ghnru*'>w8|*@CrX-$K=^RB+}(e6-{ErbF?a\7JEtmGu>Bku#f5${p?kG!jJ4>wHF8\[(o"ps/\{hV;y B_N~B tG)A=mtaHd&WQ+ )b49JG4Tr#qnx~~8 ]MFh,4OH4_D6KHgU6m/j~nXcEyZu^vG :ZJKa#hu z64 hf[2d~7' International Law Commission Articles On State Responsibility. When do you use auxiliary verbs (tenses)? Cuvalay, M. (1994). you can tell me when you know. Besides the three main auxiliary verbs, theres also a special type of auxiliary verb that affects grammatical mood. The Maltese modal verb seta can is a cognate of the Arabic root W whose tenth derived form ist aa a also means can. "Auxiliary verbs in Arabic" In, Cuvalay M. Auxiliary verbs in Arabic. This is contrary to languages such as English and French in which auxiliary verbs are mandatory in both written and oral languages. Semantic functions in perspective - reconsidering meaning definitions, Transitivity and the treatment of (non)prototypicality in Functional Grammar, A valence based theory of grammatical relations, The study of ergativity in Functional Grammar, Object assignment in a Functional Grammar of Croatian revisited, Perspective, markedness, and paradigmatic relations between predicates. adv." auxiliary - WordReference.com - : autonomy autopen autopsy autoroute autosuggestion autotrophic autoworker autumn autumnal Auvergne auxiliary auxin Av avail availability available avalanche avant-garde avarice avaricious avast : auxiliary auxiliary Listen: UK:* /gzljri/ We'll look at the modal verbs in the next section, and deal with be, have, and do here. 7 Like most modal auxi- liaries and particles, seta is polysemous for both epistemic and intersubjec- How to Identify an Auxiliary Verb. $qd6YE6 9GBz~{r5FU.q??-n1VtmXqX&>).mN#?]pu]]\]][\wNp-}uoM b>`Op&4K'tM0C=^x ^uxLow;wuowC r}_G_oooJzZZm][Cm~mYKjRWsC].b E{NrG{{{gn {+p@8)\p- ?4(WKAr"z2r;{e=[B|{ d z6qow&C{}c{:_K{)m{Nk>^[Qr7y !3=FZ4Q2Wd,TFa:0oHih\[uN}XwL{n#]7uuJoJ|}gz7n%^sI>bu>Wp.\2kv.\99r?rYG:Yrvv8x6l~moKJ/J/HKC(r2 K3Ko^ More Arabic words for auxiliary. These verbs can be used also independently and play a significant role in the language. The present perfect tense refers to completed actions that either greatly impact or continue up until the present. However, the modal verbs can and will both change for the past tense: can becomes could, and will becomes would (when discussing the future relative to the past). B) The Hamza can also be used to ask about the content of the negative sentence; negativequestion.. Auxiliary verbs arent just used for verb tenses. Pronunciation of auxiliary verb with 3 audio pronunciations, 3 synonyms, 1 meaning, 13 translations, 1 sentence and more for auxiliary verb. The Vanessa Butterfly Bracelet, Basic Verb Structure, Tense, Aspect, Aktionsart and Related Areas Approaches to Analysing the Core Meaning of English Perfect Verb Forms, Translating Idiomatic English Phrasal Verbs Into Arabic, Manx Gaelic Inflection, 5. We use the word order subject + verb: In Arabic, auxiliary verbs are necessary in the written language, but absent from the oral language. Arabic Language Study Books, Chinese Language Study Books, Latin Language Study Books, Polish Language Study Books, The verb would is, like will, a modal verb. Writing, grammar, and communication tips for your inbox. Additionally, theyre used for all cases of modality as well as special constructions like tag questions or the passive voice. As an auxiliary verb in English, it is used in the second conditional for hypothetical situations. = No, we did not buy a new house. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English. Spanish : verbo auxiliar 13 ratings . , 2 verbs in passive voice - omission of an auxiliary verb, a sentence having more than one auxiliary verb or main verb, Adverbial between auxiliary verb and main verb. Cuvalay, Martine. I had forgotten about the birthday party until I saw the calendar. Your purchase has been completed. That means you can use modal verbs to express different meanings of the main verb, such as showing possibility (It might rain), ability (It can rain), necessity (It must rain), or suggestion (It should rain). Ex. Auxiliary Meaning in Arabic: Searching meanings in Arabic can be beneficial for understanding the context in an efficient manner. Tag questions are when you add a small question to the end of a statement to confirm if its true. Tomorrow, we will have been dating for an entire year. Lord Shiva Daughters Names, It is a small city on the north of Egypt where the Nile meets the Mediterranean. This page provides all possible translations of the word auxiliary verb in the Arabic language. well.. in Arabic we have 3 kinds of the verb: B: () , . Theres usually a prepositional phrase as well to explain who does the action; in the example above its by the man. Keep in mind that only transitive verbs can be used in the passive voice. The same behavior can be observed in the Arabic auxiliary verb kaana as in (15b), but not in the other Arabic auxiliaries as 4 By contrast, 'get' does no t have the properties that English . You can get more than one meaning for one word in Arabic. Gulf Arabic terms that indicate actions, occurrences or states. Here is how they are used: 1) Use of /hal/ Fundamental Umbrella metacategories Lemmas subcategories by language Auxiliary verbs. B: , . The raising-to-subject verbs seem and appear are similar insofar it is difficult to view them as predicates. Interact with native speakers around the world. Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. By the time you get off work, the movie will have started already. For example, the present perfect tense uses the auxiliary verbs have or has (She has already left). The auxiliary verbs haben and sein together with the past participle make up a compound verbal form. These criterions are valid for Arabic vernaculars, but also apply cross-linguistically:5 A verbal periphrastic construction made of an auxiliary verb and a main verb is a morphological, syntactic and semantic unit. " />, Read by 100,000+ Residents and Business Owners in Los Feliz, Silver Lake, Atwater Village, Echo Park & Hollywood Hills. Refer to our modal verbs guide for specific details on how to use them. For example, in this sentence, I have finished the report, the auxiliary verb, that takes a supportive role in a sentence, second to the main verb. and . In Arabic, there are two ways of asking a question that needs a yes/no-answer. The end of the chain: Where does decomposition of lexical knowledge lead us eventually? The past continuous tense shows an ongoing action in the past, such as a previous condition or event that was interrupted. If you have a chance, you might want to have a word with those people at Google to see what they can do. ), Downloaded on 5.3.2023 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110872620.265/html?lang=en, Classical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Library and Information Science, Book Studies, Function and Expression in Functional Grammar, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110872620.265. i talk arabic like you,dont try to think there is auxillary verb , you can tell me when you know What is an auxiliary verb? The key to understanding how Arabic grammar works is in its system of roots. 3A: = Will you travel to Cairo, tomorrow? Here's a list of translations. , show events that have not happened yet but will happen later. Learn English auxiliary verbs usage and find out auxiliary verbs types, examples and common mistakes. The past perfect tense, also called the pluperfect, shows a past event that happened before another past event in the same sentence. "Auxiliary verbs in Arabic". 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">, Test your vocabulary with our fun image quizzes, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. at the end) when used with an auxiliary verb. Model auxiliary verbs. a Minimalist Approach to Infinitival and Subjunctive Clauses, Simple And-Relative Clauses in Panare Spike Gildea A, MINDING the GAPS: INFLECTIONAL DEFECTIVENESS in a PARADIGMATIC THEORY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requ, Grammaticalization of Verbs in Dravidian Languages Rajendran Sankaravelayuthan Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore, Towards a Cross-Linguistic Typology of Copula Constructions, Blocking of Phrasal Constructions by Lexical Items Introduction, A Few Notes Concerning the Interpretation and Classification of the English Verb, A Corpus Study of Some Rare English Verbs Laurie Bauer, Victoria University of Wellington, Native and Non-Native Processing of Spanish SE in a Self-Paced Reading Task Estrella Rodriguez, 4. the Verb and Its Inflection 4.1. Each different tense shows a different aspect of time, so by using auxiliary verbs, we can communicate more accurately. Auxiliary Verbs Complete the questions ID: 816999 Language: English School subject: English as a Second Language (ESL) Grade/level: 3rd Juniors Age: 13+ Main content: Auxiliary verbs Other contents: Present Simple Add to my workbooks (2) Download file pdf Embed in my website or blog A verbal sentence in Arabic begins with a verb and is usually followed by the subject of that verb (). present tense A case study of Danish, Syntactic functions, topics, and grammatical relations, Speech acts and information structure in Functional Grammar, Ancient Greek warfare - A case study in constituent ordering, Contextualizing constituent as topic, non-sequential background and dramatic pause: Hebrew and Aramaic evidence, Dutch subordnators and P1 in a Functional Grammar word order template, From CASE to FOCUS in the pronouns of some Wessex-based dialects of English, Term-to-phrase mapping rules: A case study from Arabic, On the generation of English temporal satellite terms, Not without you, I wont: Special utterance types in Functional Grammar, Computational description of verbal complexes in English and Latin, Prolog for a functional grammar of Hungarian: A programmers look at grammar writing, Some formal and computational aspects of the Functional Grammar machine model. Transliteration included. (Present Tense). vru%w]~?? Iq*Nio%&+;]PI+H& Unlike English, however, only some of the Arabic primary auxiliaries fully inflect. The present perfect continuous tense shows an ongoing action started in the past that is still happening. Understanding the use of different verb structures, participles, and auxiliary verbs that are used to indicate time and actions may be one way to improve translation quality between Arabic and English. The schools of Basra and Semi model auxiliary verbs.